This comprehensive volume advances heterodox reconstructions of agrarian Marxism, illustrating that it remains a dynamic theoretical program offering powerful insights into agrarian change and politics in the 21st century. It was first published as a special issue of The Journal of Peasant Studies.

1. Introduction: Agrarian Marxism Michael Levien, Michael Watts and Yan Hairong 2. An urban proletariat with peasant characteristics: land occupations and livestock raising in South Africa Ricardo Jacobs 3. 'Hot chocolate': financialized global value chains and cocoa production in Ecuador Thomas F. Purcell 4. Conjugated oppression within contemporary capitalism: class, caste, tribe and agrarian change in India Jens Lerche and Alpa Shah 5. Gender and class relations in rural India Smriti Rao 6. Custom and exploitation: rethinking the origins of the modern African chieftaincy in the political economy of colonialism Gavin Capps 7. Agrarian questions of labor in urban India: middle migrants, translocal householding and the intersectional politics of social reproduction Vinay Gidwani and Priti Ramamurthy 8. From South Africa to China: land, migrant labor and the semi-proletarian thesis revisited Shaohua Zhan and Ben Scully 9. The politics of classes of labour: fragmentation, reproduction zones and collective action in Karnataka, India Jonathan Pattenden 10. Social reproduction of 'classes of labour' in the rural areas of South Africa: contradictions and contestations Ben Cousins, Alex Dubb, Donna Hornby and Farai Mtero 11. Without the blanket of the land: agrarian change and biopolitics in post-Apartheid South Africa Andries du Toit 12. Marx and Chayanov at the margins: understanding agrarian change in Java Ben White 13. The 'peasant problem' in the Russian revolution(s), 1905-1929 Henry Bernstein