Examining the international dimensions of the Syrian conflict, this book studies external factors relating to the uprising. It explores the involvement of outside powers and the events' impact both on regional and international level.

1. Thinking about the international factor in the Syrian Crisis Raymond Hinnebusch 2. The Middle East regional security complex and the Syrian civil war Soren Schmidt 3. The International and Regional Battle for Syria Christopher Phillips 4. The Regional Sectarian War and Syria Konstantinos Zarras 5. Hizbullah's intervention in Syria: Causes and Consequences Adham Saouli 6. Palestinian refugees and the Syrian Uprising: Subjectivities, mobilizations and challenges Valentina Napolitanio 7. Qatar and its rivals in Syria's conflict Kristian Coates Ulrichsen 8. Saudi Policies in the Syrian Crisis May Darwich 9. Iran and the Syrian civil war Jubin Goodarzi 10. Iraqi-Syrian Relations and the Syrian Uprising Raymond Hinnebusch 11. Turkish-Iranian relations in Syria: between rivalry and engagement Ozden Oktav 12. The 2011 collapse of Syria-Turkish Relations: through a realist- constructivist Lens Marwa Daoudy 13. US policy towards the Syrian Conflict under Obama: Strategic patience and miscalculation Jasmine Gani 14. Russian foreign policy in the early Syrian conflict: traditional factors and the role of Syria in the Kremlin's wider domestic and international goals Daria Vorobyeva 15. From Russia's military deployment in Syria to the Astana Process Nikolay Kozhanov 16. The European Union and Syria: from constructive engagement to marginalization and back? Francesco Cavatorta and Pierre-Michel Turcotte 17. Contextualizing Economic Sanctions on Syria Ferdinand Arslanian 18. The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in Syria: a critical analysis of R2P as an interactional process Nour M. el-Kebbi