Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries

This edited volume systematically describes the emergence and epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in developing countries. It goes further, too, to examine the social, community and political response, and the various measures to confront and control the epidemic, which of course have had varying levels of success. Of particular importance are strategies that appear to have been useful in ameliorating the epidemic, while contrasting the situation in a neighboring country or region where contrasting prevention or care initiatives have had a deleterious outcome. Common to all responses has been the international multi-sectoral response represented by the Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, and the Gates Foundation, among others, to promote HIV pharmacologic therapy in resource-poor settings. The chapter authors explore the political challenges in meeting HIV/AIDS prevention and care in concert with the public health realities in specific country and regional context.

Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries: Where Global AIDS is and Where it is Going.- HIV Prevention Needs: Primary Prevention and Prevention for People Living with HIV/AIDS.- Future of HIV/AIDS Care in Low- and Middle- Income Countries.- HIV/AIDS Care: The Minimum Package and Scaling Up.- HIV/AIDS Vaccine Research.- Microbicide Development.- How the Pandemic Shapes the Public Health Response - the Case of HIV/AIDS in Brazil.- Advocacy, Activism, Community and the AIDS Response in Africa.- Political Challenges to Mounting and Sustaining a Public Health Response to HIV/AIDS in Developing Countries.- Sub-Saharan Africa.- The HIV/AIDS Epidemics of Africa.- The Situation in the Cradle of AIDS: Congo and Central Africa.- Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS - Nigeria and West Africa.- East Africa - Kenya, Tanzania & Uganda.- Southern Africa (South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe).- HIV/AIDS in the Horn of Africa.- South and Southeast Asia.- HIV/AIDS in South and Southeast Asia: An Overview.- China.- The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Thailand - The First Two Decades.- HIV AIDS in Burma: Public Health Constrained.- The HIV Epidemic in Vietnam: Past, Present, and Opportunities.- Malaysia.- Towards Equitable and Quality HIV Prevention and Care Services: Assessing the Situation in India.- Eastern Europe & Central Asia.- The HIV/AIDS Epidemics in the Former Soviet Union, Central Asia, and Iran.- Russian Federation.- HIV in Central Asia: Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.- Drug Abuse and HIV Transmission in Iran-Responding to the Public Health Challenges.- Latin American and Caribbean.- The HIV/AIDS Epidemics of the Americas.- Epidemiology, Prevention and Care of HIV in Peru.- AIDS in Brazil: The Challengeand the Response.- The State of HIV/AIDS in the Dominican Republic: Guarded Optimism amidst Sustainability Concerns.- Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Haiti: Epidemiology, Prevention and Care.- HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment and Care: Present Status, Future Needs and Some Possible Solutions.