Beschreibung:
Research and development (R & D) leads to innovation, and innovation leads to technological change. Technological change, in turn, is the primary driver of economic growth. Public/private partnerships -- cooperative relationships among industry, government, and/or universities -- leverage the efficiency of R & D and are thus a critical aspect of a nation's innovation system.
The History of Public/Private Partnerships.- Public Support of Innovation.- Technological Change and R&D.- Alternative Models of Technological Change.- The Patent System.- Tax Incentives.- Research Collaborations.- Research Joint Ventures.- Advanced Technology Program.- National Institute of Standards and Technology.- Small Business Innovation Research Program.- Program Evaluation.- Concluding Statement.