Analysis of Turbulent Boundary Layers focuses on turbulent flows meeting the requirements for the boundary-layer or thin-shear-layer approximations. Its approach is devising relatively fundamental, and often subtle, empirical engineering correlations, which are then introduced into various forms of describing equations for final solution. After introducing the topic on turbulence, the book examines the conservation equations for compressible turbulent flows, boundary-layer equations, and general behavior of turbulent boundary layers. The latter chapters describe the CS method for calculating two-dimensional and axisymmetric laminar and turbulent boundary layers. This book will be useful to readers who have advanced knowledge in fluid mechanics, especially to engineers who study the important problems of design.

Preface Acknowledgments Principal NotationChapter l Introduction 1.1 Turbulence-Miscellaneous Remarks 1.2 The Ubiquity of Turbulence 1.3 The Continuum Hypothesis 1.4 Measures of Turbulence-Intensity 1.5 Measures of Turbulence-Scale 1.6 Measures of Turbulence-The Energy Spectrum 1.7 Measures of Turbulence-Intermittency 1.8 The Diffusive Nature of Turbulence 1.9 The Parameters of Primary Interest 1.10 Some Consequences of Turbulence 1.11 The Impossibility of Calculating Turbulent Flow from First Principles 1.12 Background Literature Chapter 2 Conservation Equations for Compressible Turbulent Flows 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Navier-Stokes Equations 2.3 Conventional Time- Averaging and Mass-Weighted- Averaging Procedures 2.4 Relation between Conventional Time-Averaged Quantities and Mass-Weighted-Averaged Quantities 2.5 Continuity and Momentum Equations 2.6 Energy Equations 2.7 Mean-Kinetic-Energy Equation 2.8 Reynolds-Stress Transport EquationsChapter 3 The Boundary-Layer Equations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Boundary-Layer Approximations for Compressible Flows 3.3 Continuity, Momentum, and Energy Equations 3.4 Mean-Kinetic-Energy Equation 3.5 Reynolds-Stress Transport Equations 3.6 Integral Equations of the Boundary Layer Chapter 4 General Behavior of Turbulent Boundary Layers 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Composite Nature of a Turbulent Boundary Layer 4.3 Eddy-Viscosity and Mixing-Length Concepts 4.4 Mean-Velocity and Shear-Stress Distributions in Incompressible Flows on Smooth Surfaces 4.5 Mean-Velocity Distributions in Incompressible Turbulent Flows on Rough Surfaces with Zero Pressure Gradient 4.6 Mean-Velocity Distribution on Smooth Porous Surfaces with Zero Pressure Gradient 4.7 The Crocco Integral for Turbulent Boundary Layers 4.8 Mean-Velocity and Temperature Distribution in Compressible Flows with Zero Pressure Gradient 4.9 Effect of Pressure Gradient on Mean-Velocity Distributions in IncompressibleRows Chapter 5 Various Approaches to the Calculation of Turbulent Boundary Layers 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Integral Methods 5.3 Differential Methods 5.4 Short-Cut Methods Chapter 6 Transport Coefficients in Turbulent Boundary Layers 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Coefficients of Momentum Transport 6.3 Coefficients of Heat Transport 6.4 Summary Chapter 7 The CS Method 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Governing Equations 7.3 Transformation of the Equations 7.4 Fluid Properties for Air 7.5 Keller's Box Method 7.6 Keller's Box Method for the Momentum Equation 7.7 Solution of the Momentum Difference Equations 7.8 Keller's Box Method for the Energy Equation 7.9 Solution of the Difference Equations of the Energy Equation 7.10 Procedure for Solving Momentum and Energy Equations Simultaneously 7.11 Higher-Order Accuracy: Richardson Extrapolation 7.12 Estimation of Boundary-Layer Thickness 7.13 Boundary-Layer Parameters Chapter 8 The CS Method for Laminar Boundary Layers 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Incompressible Laminar Flows 8.3 Compressible Laminar Flows Chapter 9 The CS Method for Turbulent Boundary Layers 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Prediction of Transition 9.3 Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flows 9.4 Axisymmetric Incompressible Flows 9.5 Two-Dimensional Compressible Flows 9.6 Axisymmetric Compressible Flows 9.7 Some Applications of the CS MethodReferences and Author Index Subject Index