Part of the authoritative series on reference values for nutrient intakes, this new release establishes a set of reference values for dietary energy and the macronutrients: carbohydrate (sugars and starches), fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. This book expands upon and replaces the Recommended Dietary Allowances and the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (published in the U.S. and Canada, respectively), drawing together and updating the information provided in both volumes--and including additional reference values based on the needs of many users. The book highlights the evidence relating intakes of specific macronutrients to reducing the risk of chronic disease and maintaining health. It includes a substantial review of the role of daily physical activity in sustaining fitness and health. The report discusses appropriate uses of the dietary reference intakes in assessing and planning diets, including examples for energy and for many of the macronutrients. Among several new features are estimated energy requirements at four levels of energy expenditure, energy values for different types of activities, recommended levels of specific amino acids, and definitions for dietary fiber, functional fiber, and total fiber. The committee also outlines a research agenda for advancing understanding of human energy and macronutrient requirements. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.