How does a doctor or therapist bridge the gap between particulars and generalizations regarding patients and various phenomena or diseases? The authors of this volume illustrate the multiple ways practitioners in the fields of clinical psychology and medicine address the tension between the universal nature of scientific knowledge and its particular applications. They discuss the fact that some decisions, if made erroneously, have impacts that cannot be reversed. An error in the realms of medicine, ecology, peace, and war brings with it psychological strategies that differ from those a practitioner faces where errors are correctable.How does a doctor or therapist bridge the gap between particulars and generalizations regarding patients and various phenomena or diseases? The authors of this volume illustrate the multiple ways practitioners in the fields of clinical psychology and medicine address the tension between the universal nature of scientific knowledge and its particular applications. They discuss the fact that some decisions, if made erroneously, have impacts that cannot be reversed. An error in the realms of medicine, ecology, peace, and war brings with it psychological strategies that differ from those a practitioner faces where errors are correctable.The disciplines of psychology and medicine have two shared goals. The first is that both disciplines seek a basic understanding about how human beings exist in their ordinary biological and psychological worlds and the second is the attempt to describe and treat disruptions of each person's healthy state of being. Therefore, the four coeditors uncover areas of mutual interest between the two disciplines and the basis for the conflicts that have arisen in their fields.

Written by three experts in the field, this book explores the understanding of human wellness and disease as fostered through the collaborative contributions of clinical medicine and the behavioral sciences.

General IntroductionBetween Generalities and Particulars: Availability of Cognitive HeuristicsFast and Frugal Heuristics in Medical Decision Making by Gerd Gigerenzer and Stephanie KurzenhaeuserPrevention and Detection: The General and the Particular in the Framing of Messages About Health by Peter SaloveyHealth Risk Escalators by Bob HeymanDialogicality within Medical Practice: Generalized Knowledge and Individualized DecisionsA Qualitative Approach to Health Risk Management by Bob HeymanUnderstanding Benefits and Risks: Why the Representation of Statistical Information Matters by Ulrich Hoffrage, Stephanie Kurzenhaeuser and Gerd GigerenzerThe Centrality of the Clinician: A View of Medicine from the General to the Particular by Kenneth L. NollerRelating Universals and Particulars: A No-Fault Learning Program Based on Sensory-Driven Evidence in Medicine by Roger Bibace and Kenneth L. NollerPsychological Processes Involved in the NFLP by Roger Bibace, Robert Leeman, and Kenneth L. NollerEvidence-based Medicine: Quantitatively Moving from the Universal to the Particular by David ChelmowLaypersons Encountering Medical Practice: Personal Decisions under UncertaintySeeking Health Care: Practical Steps Taken by a Woman in an Immigration Context by Sofie BaarnhielmBabies' Health/Disease Processes in Day Care, Analyzed by the Network of Meanings Perspectives by Katia Amorin and M. Clotilde Rossetti FerreiraGeneric Disease and Particular Lives: A Systematic and Dynamic Approach to Childhood Cancer by Micheline de Souza SilvaFrom the Dialogue Between Universals and Particulars to New MethodologyA Microgenetic Developmental Perspective on Statistics and Measurement by James LairdDecision-making with Incomplete Information: Systemic and Non-systemic Ways of Thinking in Psychology and Medicine by Aaro ToomelaListening Is Not Hearing: Improving Diagnostic Accuracy in Cardiac Auscultation by Jeremy Golding, David Stevens, and Roger BibaceFrom Questions to Answers: The Microcosm of ParticipationRecruitment and Retention: Examining Process in Research Relationships by Mary Alston Kerllenevich, Kenneth L. Noller, and Roger BibaceWhat Happens When a Researcher Asks a Question? by Jaan Valsiner, Roger Bibace, and Talia LaPushinMaking Sense of Personality: Generic Self Processes and Personal Uniqueness by Jaan Valsiner, Rainer Diriwaechter, and Christine Sauck