The first collection of its kind to explore the diverse and global history of psychedelics as they appealed to several generations of researchers and thinkers.Expanding Mindscapes offers a fascinatingly fluid and diverse history of psychedelics that stretches around the globe. While much of the literature to date has focused on the history of these drugs in the United States and Canada, editors Erika Dyck and Chris Elcock deliberately move away from these places in this collection to reveal a longer and more global history of psychedelics, which chronicles their discovery, use, and cultural impact in the twentieth century.The authors in this collection explore everything from LSD psychotherapy in communist Czechoslovakia to the first applications of LSD-25 in South America to the intersection of modernism and ayahuasca in China. Along the way, they also consider how psychedelic experiments generated their own cultural expressions, where the specter of the United States may have loomed large and where colonial empires exerted influence on the local reception of psychedelics in botanical and pharmaceutical pursuits.Breaking new ground by adopting perspectives that are currently lacking in the historiography of psychedelics, this collection adds to the burgeoning field by offering important discussions on underexplored topics such as gender, agriculture, parapsychology, anarchism, and technological innovations.

INTRODUCTION 1Erika Dyck and Chris ElcockI EVALUATING EVIDENCE/EXPERIENCE 211 NECTAR OF THE BLUE GODDESS: A LIVING TRADITION OF SOMA CONSUMPTION IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA 23Ian A. Baker2 MESCALINE, BETWEEN PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND PHENOMENOLOGY: SARTRE AND EXPERIMENTATION IN 1930s FRANCE 51Gautier Dassonneville3 WOMEN, MENTAL ILLNESS, AND PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY IN POSTWAR FRANCE 75Zoë Dubus4 MILAN HAUSNER, THE SADSKÁ CLINIC, AND THE FATE OF LSD PSYCHOTHERAPY IN COMMUNIST CZECHOSLOVAKIA 99Ross Crockford5 REMEMBERING TO FORGET: HOW THE UK DISAPPEARED FROM THE PSYCHEDELIC MAP 121Wendy Kline6 EARLY EXPERIMENTAL LSD CULTURES IN THE CLINIC 141Magaly TornayII GLOBAL NETWORKS OF PSYCHEDELIC KNOWLEDGE 1657 FROM RUBBER ADULTERANT TO CEREMONIAL PSYCHEDELIC: VOACANGA AFRICANA IN THE TRANSNATIONAL IMAGINATION, 1894-2018 167Timothy Vilgiate8 FROM BWITI TO IBOGAINE AND BACK: A TRANSNATIONAL HISTORY OF TABERNANTHE IBOGA 189Julien Bonhomme9 PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS FROM AND IN THE FIELDS: RURAL ROOTS AND COLLECTIVE EFFECTS OF LSD 215Beat Bächi10 THE FIRST APPLICATIONS OF LSD-25 IN SOUTH AMERICA (1954-1959) 239Hernán Scholten and Gonzalo Salas11 "I AM A SCIENTIST!" ROGER HEIM'S INTERDISCIPLINARY AND TRANSNATIONAL RESEARCH ON HALLUCINOGENIC MUSHROOMS (AND THE PROBLEM OF DIVINATION) 261Vincent Verroust12 BEATITUDE, DREAD, AND MOTHER-BLAMING: THE ORIGINS OF CLINICAL THEOLOGY, FROM INDIA TO ENGLAND AND CANADA 285Andrew Jones13 PSYCHEDELICS, POLITICAL RADICALISM, AND TRANSNATIONAL ACID-ANARCHISM IN THE 1970s 309Hallam RoffeyIII PSYCHEDELICS AS CULTURAL PHENOMENA 33114 "VIDEO IS AS POWERFUL AS LSD": ELECTRONICS AND PSYCHEDELICS AS TECHNOLOGIES OF CONSCIOUSNESS 333Peter Sachs Collopy15 FROM PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS TO MAGICAL CENTER: LSD IN THE NETHERLANDS 357Stephen Snelders16 AMONG DOCTORS, ARTISTS, AND POLICE: THE HISTORY OF LSD IN BRAZIL 379Henrique Carneiro and Júlio Delmanto17 PSYCHEDELICS IN ISRAEL: A BRIEF HISTORY 399Ido Hartogsohn and Itamar Zadoff18 DID THE MASTER'S TOOLS DISMANTLE THE MASTER'S HOUSE? ANTI-PSYCHIATRY, ROBIN FARQUHARSON, AND ACID ANARCHISM 423Mark Gallagher19 BECOMING MODERN IN CHINA WITH AN INDIGENOUS AMAZONIAN PSYCHEDELIC BREW 449Alex K. Gearin20 TRIPPING IN KARACHI: EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF GENDER AND ITS FLUIDITY THROUGH PSYCHEDELIC SUBSTANCES 473Manal KhanCONCLUSION: THE FUTURE OF PSYCHEDELIC HISTORY 491Erika Dyck and Chris ElcockEPILOGUE: A GLOBAL HISTORY OF PSYCHEDELICS 495Mike JayAcknowledgments 503Contributors 505Index 511