Essays on the challenges and risks of designing algorithms and platforms for children, with an emphasis on algorithmic justice, learning, and equity.One in three Internet users worldwide is a child, and what children see and experience online is increasingly shaped by algorithms. Though children's rights and protections are at the center of debates on digital privacy, safety, and Internet governance, the dominant online platforms have not been constructed with the needs and interests of children in mind. The editors of this volume, Mizuko Ito, Remy Cross, Karthik Dinakar, and Candice Odgers, focus on understanding diverse children's evolving relationships with algorithms, digital data, and platforms and offer guidance on how stakeholders can shape these relationships in ways that support children's agency and protect them from harm. This book includes essays reporting original research on educational programs in AI relational robots and Scratch programming, on children's views on digital privacy and artificial intelligence, and on discourses around educational technologies. Shorter opinion pieces add the perspectives of an instructional designer, a social worker, and parents. The contributing social, behavioral, and computer scientists represent perspectives and contexts that span education, commercial tech platforms, and home settings. They analyze problems and offer solutions that elevate the voices and agency of parents and children. Their essays also build on recent research examining how social media, digital games, and learning technologies reflect and reinforce unequal childhoods.Contributors:Paulo Blikstein, Izidoro Blikstein, Marion Boulicault, Cynthia Breazeal, Michelle Ciccone, Sayamindu Dasgupta, Devin Dillon, Stefania Druga, Jacqueline M. Kory-Westlund, Aviv Y. Landau, Benjamin Mako Hill, Adriana Manago, Siva Mathiyazhagan, Maureen Mauk, Stephanie Nguyen, W. Ian O'Byrne, Kathleen A. Paciga, Milo Phillips-Brown, Michael Preston, Stephanie M. Reich, Nicholas D. Santer, Allison Stark, Elizabeth Stevens, Kristen Turner, Desmond Upton Patton, Veena Vasudevan, Jason Yip

Acknowledgments viiI Perspectives1 Introduction: Algorithmic Rights and Protections for Children 3Mizuko Ito, Remy Cross, Karthik Dinakar, and Candice Odgers2 Algorithmic Literacies: K-12 Realities and Possibilities 15Michelle Ciccone3 Co-Constructing Digital Futures: Parents and Children Becoming Thoughtful, Connected, and Critical Users of Digital Technologies 23W. Ian O'Byrne, Kristen Hawley Turner, Kathleen A. Paciga, and Elizabeth Y. Stevens4 Parenting and the Algorithm: A Perspective on Parental Controls and Guilt amid Digital Media 35Maureen Mauk5 Meet Them Where They Are: Social Work Informed Considerations for Youth Inclusion in AI Violence Prevention Systems 43Desmond U. Patton, Siva Mathiyazhagan, and Aviv Y. LandauII Full Papers6 Designing for Critical Algorithmic Literacies 59Sayamindu Dasgupta and Benjamin Mako Hill7 Authenticity and Co-Design: On Responsibly Creating Relational Robots for Children 85Marion Boulicault, Milo Phillips-Brown, Jacqueline M. Kory-Westlund, Stephanie Nguyen, and Cynthia Breazeal8 Early Adolescents' Perspectives on Digital Privacy 123Nicholas D. Santer, Adriana Manago, Allison Starks, and Stephanie M. Reich9 Humanizing Big Data: Making Sense of How Youth of Color Experience Personalized Educational Technologies 161Veena Vasudevan10 The 4 As: Ask, Adapt, Author, Analyze: AI Literacy Framework for Families 193Stefania Druga, Jason Yip, Michael Preston, and Devin Dillon11 Do Educational Technologies Have Politics? A Semiotic Analysis of the Discourse of Educational Technologies and Artificial Intelligence in Education 233Paulo Blikstein and Izidoro BliksteinContributors 265Index 271