This volume contains nine chapters of translation, by a range of leading scholars, focusing on core themes in the philosophy of Zhu Xi (1130-1200), one of the most influential Chinese thinkers of the later Confucian tradition. It includes an Introduction to Zhu's life and thought, a chronology of important events in his life, and a list of key terms of art.Zhu Xi's philosophy offers the most systematic and comprehensive expression of the Confucian tradition; he sought to explain and show the connections between the classics, relate them to a range of contemporary philosophical issues concerning the metaphysical underpinnings of the tradition, and defend Confucianism against competing traditions such as Daoism and Buddhism. He elevated the Four Books-i.e. the Analects, Mengzi, Great Learning, and Doctrine of the Mean-to a new and preeminent position within the Confucian canon and his edition and interpretation of these four texts was adopted as the basis for the Imperial Examination System, which served as the pathway to officialdom and success in traditional Chinese society. Zhu Xi's interpretation remained the orthodox tradition until the collapse of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) and exerted a profound and enduring influence on how Confucianism was understood in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.

PrefaceConventionsAcknowledgmentsAbout the TranslatorsIntroduction by Philip J. IvanhoeChronology of Important Events in Zhu Xi's LifeChapter One: Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics by Philip J. IvanhoeChapter Two: Moral Psychology and Cultivating the Self by Curie VirágChapter Three: Politics and Government by Justin TiwaldChapter Four: Poetry, Literature, Textual Study, and Hermeneutics by On-cho NgChapter Five: Social Conditions of His Time by Beverly BosslerChapter Six: Heaven, Ghosts and Spirits, and Ritual by Hoyt TillmanChapter Seven: Criticisms of Buddhism, Daoism, and the Learning of the Heart-mind by Ellen Neskar and Ari BorrellChapter Eight: Science and Natural Philosophy by Yung Sik KimChapter Nine: Zhu Xi's Commentarial Work: Abiding in the Mean and the Constant by Daniel GardnerKey Terms of ArtIndex