The aim of the International Basal Ganglia Society (IBAGS) is to further our understanding of normal basal ganglia function and the pathophysiology of disorders of the basal ganglia, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and schizophrenia. Each triennial meeting of IBAGS brings together basic research scientists from all disciplines as well as clinicians who are actively involved in the treatment of basal ganglia disorders, to discuss the most recent advances in the field and to generate new approaches and ideas for the future.This volume comprises the proceedings of the 9th meeting of IBAGS, held in Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands, September 2nd-6th, 2007.

Provides information on the impact of basic research on clinical practice

Functional Organization of the Basal Ganglia.- You Cannot Have a Vertebrate Brain Without a Basal Ganglia.- The Involvement of Corticostriatal Loops in Learning Across Tasks, Species, and Methodologies.- Information Processing in the Striatum of Behaving Monkeys.- What Controls the Timing of Striatal Spiny Cell Action Potentials in the Up State?.- Asymmetric Encoding of Positive and Negative Expectations by Low-Frequency Discharge Basal Ganglia Neurons.- Stimulation Effect on Neuronal Activity in the Globus Pallidus of the Behaving Macaque.- High-Frequency Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus External Segment Biases Behavior Toward Reward.- The Subthalamic Region of Luys, Forel, and Dejerine.- Organization of Motor Cortical Inputs to the Subthalamic Nucleus in the Monkey.- A Subpopulation of Mesencephalic Dopamine Neurons Interfaces the Shell of Nucleus Accumbens and the Dorsolateral Striatum in Rats.- Synchrony of the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex Network During Isoflurane Anaesthesia.- On the Relationships Between the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus, Corticostriatal Architecture, and the Medial Reticular Formation.- Microcircuits of the Pedunculopontine Nucleus.- Basal Ganglia Model Studies.- The Effects of Dopaminergic Modulation on Afferent Input Integration in the Ventral Striatal Medium Spiny Neuron.- A Spiking Neuron Model of the Basal Ganglia Circuitry that Can Generate Behavioral Variability.- Learning with an Asymmetric Teacher: Asymmetric Dopamine-Like Response Can Be Used as an Error Signal for Reinforcement Learning.- A Theoretical Information Processing-Based Approach to Basal Ganglia Function.- Pharmacological and Receptor Studies in the Basal Ganglia.- The Cellular Localisation of GABAA and Glycine Receptors in the Human Basal Ganglia.- Comparative Ultrastructural Analysis of D1 and D5 Dopamine Receptor Distribution in the Substantia Nigra and Globus Pallidus of Monkeys.- Motor-Skill Learning in a Novel Running-Wheel Paradigm: Long-Term Memory Consolidated by D1 Receptors in the Striatum.- Discriminative Stimulus- vs. Conditioned Reinforcer-Induced Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking Behavior and arc mRNA Expression in Dorsolateral Striatum.- Preferential Modulation of the GABAergic vs. Dopaminergic Function in the Substantia Nigra by 5-HT2C Receptor.- Blockade of GABA Transporter (GAT-1) Modulates the GABAergic Transmission in the Rat Globus Pallidus.- Nitric Oxide Modulation of the Dopaminergic Nigrostriatal System: Focus on Nicotine Action.- Regulation of Dopamine Release by Striatal Acetylcholine and Nicotine Is via Distinct Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Dorsal vs. Ventral Striatum.- Nitrergic Tone Influences Activity of Both Ventral Striatum Projection Neurons and Interneurons.- Basal Ganglia Disorders: Animal Studies.- Kainic Acid-Induced Cell Proliferation in the Striatum Is Not Estrogen Dependent.- Striatal Dopaminergic Denervation and Spine Loss in MPTP-Treated Monkeys.- Prevention of Calbindin Recruitment into Nigral Dopamine Neurons from MPTP-Induced Degeneration in Macaca fascicularis.- Changes in the Subcellular Localization and Functions of GABA-B Receptors in the Globus Pallidus of MPTP-Treated Monkeys.- Morphogenesis of Rodent Neostriatum Following Early Developmental Dopamine Depletion.- Upregulation of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase (NQO1) in Glial Cells of 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Substantia Nigra in the Rat.- Clioquinol Protects Against Cell Death in Parkinson's Disease Models In Vivo and In Vitro.- Oscillatory Activity and Synchronization in the Basal Ganglia Network in Rodent Models ofParkinson's Disease.- Behavioural Correlates of Dopaminergic Agonists' Dyskinetic Potential in the 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat.- Basal Ganglia and Behaviour: Behavioural Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation in Experimental Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders.- Modeling Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease in Genetic Mouse Models.- Differential Expression of Doublecortin-Like Kinase Gene Products in the Striatum of Behaviorally Hyperresponsive Rats.- Basal Ganglia Disorders: Human Studies.- Paradox of the Basal Ganglia Model: The Antidyskinetic Effect of Surgical Lesions in Movement Disorders.- The Dynamic Relationship Between Voluntary and Involuntary Motor Behaviours in Patients with Basal Ganglia Disorders.- Reduced and Modified Neuronal Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus of Parkinson's Disease Patients with Prior Pallidotomy.- Inhibition of Neuronal Firing in the Human Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata in Response to High-Frequency Microstimulation Aids Localization of the Subthalamic Nucleus.- Activity of Thalamic Ventralis Oralis Neurons in Rigid-Type Parkinson's Disease.- Motor and Non-motor Effects of PPN-DBS in PD Patients: Insights from Intra-operative Electrophysiology.- Observation of Involuntary Movements Through Clinical Effects of Surgical Treatments.