Natural resource governance is central to the outcomes of biodiversity conservation efforts and to patterns of economic development, particularly in resource-dependent rural communities. The institutional arrangements that define natural resource governance are outcomes of political processes, whereby numerous groups with often-divergent interests negotiate for access to and control over resources. These political processes determine the outcomes of resource governance reform efforts, such as widespread attempts to decentralize or devolve greater tenure over land and resources to local communities. This volume examines the political dynamics of natural resource governance processes through a range of comparative case studies across east and southern Africa. These cases include both local and national settings, and examine issues such as land rights, tourism development, wildlife conservation, participatory forest management, and the impacts of climate change, and are drawn from both academics and field practitioners working across the region. Published with IUCN, The Bradley Fund for the Environment, SASUSG and Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

ContributorsPart I1. Introduction: The Politics of Natural Resource Governance in Africa2. Agrarian Social Change and Post-Colonial Natural Resource Management Interventions in Southern Africa's 'Communal Tenure' RegimesPart II: Political Economies of Natural Resource Governance3. The Politics of Community-based Natural Resource Management in Botswana4. Peasants' Forests and the King's Game? Explaining Institutional Divergence and Convergence in Tanzania's Forestry and Wildlife Sectors5. The Evolution of Namibia's Communal Conservancies6. Historic and Contemporary Struggles for a Local Wildlife Governance Regime in KenyaPart III: Local Struggles and Negotiations across Multiple Scales7. Windows of Opportunity or Exclusion? Local Communities in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area, South Africa8. 'People are not Happy': Crisis, Adaptation and Resilience in Zimbabwe's CAMPFIRE Programme9. The Rise and Fall of Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Zambia's Luangwa Valley: An Illustration of Micro- and Macro-Governance Issues10. External Agency and Local Authority: Facilitating CBNRM in Mahel, Mozambique11. Adaptive or Anachronistic? Maintaining Indigenous Natural Resource Governance Systems in Northern Botswana12. Pastoral Activists: Negotiating Power Imbalances in the Tanzanian SerengetiPart IV: Looking Forward13. A Changing Climate for Community Resource Governance: Threats and Opportunities from Climate Change and the Emerging Carbon Market14. Democratizing Natural Resource Governance: Searching for Institutional ChangeIndex