Dirk Hoerder is Professor of History at the Universität Bremen in Germany. He has written and edited numerous books. He is coeditor of European Migrants: Global and Local Perspectives; The Settling of North America: The Atlas of the Great Migrations into North America from the Ice Age to the Present; People in Transit: German Migrations in Comparative Perspective, 1820–1930; Roots of the Transplanted; and Distant Magnets: Expectations and Realities in the Immigrant Experience, 1840–1930.

List of Maps and Figures xiiiAcknowledgments and Dedication xviiContexts: An Introductory Note to Readers xix1. Worlds in Motion, Cultures in Contact 1Part I The Judeo-Christian-Islamic Mediterranean and Eurasian Worlds to the 1500s 232. Antecedents: Migration and Population Changes in the Mediterranean-Asian Worlds 273. Continuities: Mobility and Migration from the Eleventh to the Sixteenth Century 594. The End of Intercivilization Contact and the Economics of Religious Expulsions 925. Ottoman Society, Europe, and the Beginnings of Colonial Contact 108Part II Other Worlds and European Colonialism to the Eighteenth Century 1356. Africa and the Slave Migration Systems 1397. Trade-Posts and Colonies in the World of the Indian Ocean 1638. Latin America: Population Collapse and Resettlement 1879. Fur Empires and Colonies of Agricultural Settlement 21110. Forced Labor Migration in and to the Americas 23411. Migration and Conversion: Worldviews, Material Culture, Racial Hierarchies 257Part III Intercontinental Migration Systems to the Nineteenth Century 27512. Europe: Internal Migrations from the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century 27713. The Russo-Siberian Migration System 30614. The Proletarian Mass Migrations in the Atlantic Economies 33115. The Asian Contract Labor System (1830s to 1920s) and Transpacific Migration 36616. Imperial Interest Groups and Subaltern Cultural Assertion 405Part IV Twentieth-Century Changes 44317. Forced Labor and Refugees in the Northern Hemisphere to the 1950s 44518. Between the Old and the New, 1920s to 1950s 48919. New Migration Systems since the 1960s 50820. Intercultural Strategies and Closed Doors in the 1990s 564Notes 583Selected Bibliography 717Sources for Maps and Figures 747Index 755